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| Pecan Pecan, common name for a species of hickory of the walnut family. The name is applied also to the tree's edible fruit, a nut enclosed in the fleshy ripened hypanthium. The tree, which grows 23 to 30 m (75 to 100 ft) high, is native to North America. It grows in river bottoms from Iowa and Indiana southwest into Texas and Mexico, and is now grown commercially in a number of southeastern states and in California. The pecan has not proved commercially successful north of latitude 40°. Pecans grow on nearly all soils, but for nut production a sandy loam soil with a clay subsoil has proved most satisfactory in the southern states. The nuts have a rounded oblong shape and vary in weight from 25 to 100 to the pound. The varieties called paper shell pecans are considered most desirable. Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia, and Florida furnish the bulk of the commercial crop.
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